Artificial Intelligence-Driven Digital Heritage Learning Enhancing Historical Literacy through Sriwijaya Ceramic Collections from Musi River
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24667/jcen.v1i2.69Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Digital Heritage, Historical Literacy, Sriwijaya Ceramics, Musi RiverAbstract
This study investigates the historical significance of Sriwijaya ceramic collections recovered from the Musi River, Palembang, and explores their potential as Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven Digital Heritage learning resources to enhance historical literacy. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through literature review, archaeological document analysis, field observations, and in-depth interviews with archaeologists, historians, museum practitioners, and antique collectors. The collected data were analyzed using an interactive descriptive analysis model involving data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the ceramic collections, primarily originating from the Tang (618–906 AD) and Sung (960–1279 AD) dynasties, provide authentic archaeological evidence of Sriwijaya’s maritime trade, diplomatic relations with China, and socio-cultural development. The artifacts also reflect technological advancement, economic prosperity, and social stratification during the Sriwijaya period. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that systematic digital documentation of ceramic morphology, typology, chronology, and historical context provides a valuable foundation for AI-assisted Digital Heritage applications, including intelligent artifact classification, digital repositories, and interactive virtual learning environments. Integrating these technologies with history education enables students to engage directly with authentic archaeological evidence, promoting contextual, inquiry-based, and evidence-based historical learning. This approach addresses the limited availability of local historical learning resources while strengthening cultural heritage preservation. The study concludes that AI-driven Digital Heritage offers an innovative framework for transforming archaeological collections into sustainable educational resources that improve historical literacy, increase appreciation of local cultural heritage, and support digital transformation in history education.
References
Abdussamad, Z. (2021). Qualitative research methods. CV. Shakir Media Press
Adhityatama, S., & Sulistyarto, P. H. (2018). Direct evidence of trade interactions in the Riau Islands; Study of underwater archaeological sites on Natuna Island and Bintan Island. Segara Journal, 14 (3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15578/segara.v14i3.7348
Andhifani, W. R. (2021). Getting to know & learn the Ulu Script. Pen Script
Astuti, F., Idris, M., & Sholeh, K. (2021). Students' interest in Palembang history and culture at SMA Negeri 15 Palembang. Kalpataru: Journal of History and History Learning, 7 (1),
pp. 77–82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31851/kalpataru.v7i1.6311
Coedes, G., & Damais, L.-C. (1992). Sriwijaya: History, religion & language of an early Malay polity. Malaysian Branch Royal Asiatic Society
Fauzi, R. (2014). Utilization of oral history as development of teaching materials in class x history learning at SMA Negeri 3 Tegal 2012/2013 academic year
Harkantiningsih, N. (2013). 10th century shipwreck diamond loads: Variability and chronology.
AMERTA: Journal of Archaeological Research and Development, 31 (2), pp. 81–97 Kabib, K. K. (2019). Sriwijaya's strategic trade shipping routes and economy in the 7th century
AD. Siddhayatra, 22 (2), p. 63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/siddhayatra.v22i2.79
Lim, T. S. (2018). Chinese ceramics in Southeast Asia. Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 2007 (1958), pp. 1–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_3148-1
Manguin, P. Y. (2022). Srivijaya. Oxford handbooks online. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199355358.013.37
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. SAGE Publications Mudjia, R. (2020). Triangulation in qualitative studies. Retrieved June, 5
Rachmawan, T. F. (2024). Sriwijaya period ceramics. https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1acg3ZtgRkrEyORkR8bWPpEf8emrZKZHl/edit# slide=d.p1
Raharjo, T., Rangkuti, N., Pojoh, I., Harkantiningsih, N., Papua, K., Mts, SMP, Maiti, Bidinger, & Yustana, P. (2018). Handbook of ceramic analysis. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 53(9). http://repository.isi-ska.ac.id/3228/2/Memenalceramics.pdf
Rangkuti, N. (2014). Distribution of pre-Sriwijaya sites in Tidal Swamp: Spatial archaeological study. Archaeological Periodicals, 34 (1), pp. 55–64
Rangkuti, N. (2019). The veil of the Lematang river civilization: Sriwijaya studies at the Bumiayu Temple Site. South Sumatra Archaeological Center. http://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/19570/%0Ahttp://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/19570/1/T abir Peradaban Sungai Lematang.pdf
Rohmah, L., Sholeh, K., & Wandiyo, W. (2022). Analysis of findings of historical relics in the Musi River as a source of historical learning. Historia: Journal of History Educators and Researchers, 5 (1), pp. 65–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/historia.v5i1.36374
Sadzali, A. M. (2019). Upstream to downstream: Network and river business system of the Srivijaya Kingdom. Paradigma, Journal of Cultural Studies, 9 (1), p. 61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17510/paradigma.v9i1.276
Polite, D. I. M. (2013). Symbols of the glory of the Sriwijaya capital in three Sriwijaya inscriptions in Palembang. Mosaic Humanities, 13 (2), pp. 136–148. https://www.e- journal.unair.ac.id/MOZAIK/article/view/3840
Saputra, A., & Greece, H. (2014). Collaboration between the Srivijaya Kingdom and the Tang Dynasty in 683-740 AD. Criksetra: Journal of History Education, 3 (2), pp. 62–67
Sholeh, K. (2015). Sriwijaya maritime affairs and Palembang muslim traders: VII-IX centuries AD. https://www.academia.edu/download/67455087/Buku_Kemaritiman.pdf
Sholeh, K. (2018). Analysis of the Talang Tuo inscription, heritage of the Sriwijaya Kingdom as teaching material for Indonesian history in high schools. Kalpataru: Journal of History and History Learning, 2 (2), pp. 13–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31851/kalpataru.v2i2.1592
Sholeh, K. (2019a). Sriwijaya's strategic trade shipping routes and economy in the 7th century AD. Siddhayatra, 22 (2), p. 63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/siddhayatra.v22i2.79
Sholeh, K. (2019b). Srivijaya trade voyages and their relations with foreign countries in the VII- IX centuries AD. HISTORIA: Journal of the history education study program, 7(1), 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24127/hj.v7i1.1310
Sholeh, K. (2022). History and civilization of the Musi River in Palembang (K. Sholeh (ed.)).
Laykesa
Sholeh, K. (2023). Values in Indonesian history textbook. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 10(10), pp. 15–24. https://ijmmu.com/index.php/ijmmu/article/view/5078
Sholeh, K., Warto, W., & Djono, D. (2024). Historical value matrix of the relics of the Sriwijaya Musi River objects as source local history learning in Palembang. KnE Social Sciences, 2024, pp. 866–889. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v9i2.14907
Sholeh, K., Srinindiati, D., Suriadi, A., Ahyani, N., Suryani, I., Zamhari, A., Chairunisa, E. D., & Idris, M. (2019). Values of historical sites in South Sumatra as character strengtheners at PGRI Lahat Vocational School. Journal of PkM Community Service, 2(03), p. 235. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30998/jurnalpkm.v2i03.3552
Sholeh, K., Sukardi, S., Suriadi, A., & Nadiya, L. (2022). The maritime historical value of the Sriwijaya chiefdom for Indonesia. Journal of Historical and Cultural Research, 8(2), pp. 162–179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36424/jpsb.v8i2.323
Susilo, N. A., Wulandari, E., & Sholeh, K. (2023). The role of the Musi River in Sriwijaya period trade in the VII-IX centuries. Journal of Cultural History, 28(2). DOI: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24071/jbm.v28i2.7949
Taim, E. (2016). Ceramics from the Cirebon shipwreck. Kalpataru, Archeology Magazine, 25(1),
pp. 29–44
Taim, E. A. P. (2020). Distribution of foreign ceramics during the Srivijaya period (7th-13th Century AD) on the East Coast of Southern Sumatra: Chronological evidence and international relations. Archaeological Forum, 33(2), 121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/fa.v33i2.596
Taim, E. A. P. (2021). Kutai Lama site ceramics: A review of form and chronology [Kutai Lama ceramics: A review on form and chronology]. Naditira Widya, 15(2), pp. 143–154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24832/nw.v15i2.458
Thorp, R., & Persson, A. (2020). On historical thinking and the historical educational challenge. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 52(8), pp. 891–901. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2020.1712550
Utomo, B. B. (2010). Sriwijaya expedition in search of the lost route. Palembang Archaeological Center
Wiyana, B. (2014). Trade relations between the east coast of South Sumatra and the outside world. Siddhayatra, 19 (1). https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/96069629/227153338 libre.pdf?1671507925=&response-content disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DJurnal_Arkeologi_Siddhayatra_Vol_19_No_2.pdf &Expires=1719912141&Signature=BY36 r32Q1ms19t6P5wqBboUqrqP799J3NEX4xFCyWIvp2d~lxe45
Wolters, O. W. (2011). Srivijaya maritime empire and world trade III - VII century. Bamboo community. https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13409245-kemaharajaan-maritim- sriwijaya-dan-perdagangan-dunia-abad-iii---abad-vii
Zakiyah, Q. Y., & Rusdiana, A. (2014). Values education (Study of theory and practice in schools). In Faithful Library (Vol. 1). Faithful Library
Journal of Comparative Education Nexus
